See خام on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "خَام",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ḵām",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
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"form": "ar-decl-adj",
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},
{
"form": "خَام",
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[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
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"الخام#Arabic"
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{
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]
},
{
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],
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]
},
{
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"خام#Arabic"
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],
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{
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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},
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]
],
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},
{
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]
},
{
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},
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},
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},
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},
{
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"الخام#Arabic"
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],
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]
},
{
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[
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]
],
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},
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]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
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],
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},
{
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]
],
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]
},
{
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],
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},
{
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
"form": "خَامٍ",
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{
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]
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],
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "خَام • (ḵām)",
"name": "ar-adj"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"d": "خَام:tri",
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"pl": "خَام"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
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"senses": [
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic adjectives with basic triptote broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unprocessed"
],
"id": "en-خام-ar-adj-FkvHW0~y",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unprocessed",
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]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xaːm/"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rawness; unripeness",
"roman": "hamlık",
"translation": "rawness; unripeness",
"word": "خاملق"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "ham"
}
],
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]
],
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{
"args": {
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"t": "raw",
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},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ham",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"f4tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
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},
{
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},
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}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked, not cooked"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-yioHniW7",
"links": [
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"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
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],
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "چیك"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-s0wk7k4K",
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],
[
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],
[
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-FHD4KX5V",
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
],
[
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]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 10 7 34 9 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"untrained, unaccustomed to work"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-NSXO0pAK",
"links": [
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
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],
[
"work",
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]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-J7lqUz5W",
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unseasoned",
"unseasoned"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 10 7 34 9 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ill-considered, unreasonable"
],
"id": "en-خام-ota-adj-1XV~WtME",
"links": [
[
"ill-considered",
"ill-considered"
],
[
"unreasonable",
"unreasonable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
],
[
"اوم",
"اوم#Pashto"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خام (xām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"tr1": "um"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of اوم (um)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Persian خام (xām). Doublet of اوم (um), which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām)",
"name": "ps-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked (of food)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-e0VKd6dY",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 82 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unpaved (of a road)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-555rVmjl",
"links": [
[
"unpaved",
"unpaved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe (of fruit)"
],
"id": "en-خام-ps-adj-UCycR7GU",
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "اوم"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"word": "خَام"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xam"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xami",
"word": "ხამი"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "ham"
},
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xam",
"word": "խամ"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ham",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xâm",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ham"
},
{
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xām",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xom"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*HaHmáh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HaHmáh"
],
[
"*h₂eh₃mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₃mós"
],
[
"هامَگ",
"هامَگ#Baluchi"
],
[
"اوم",
"اوم#Pashto"
],
[
"आ॒म",
"आम#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ὠμός",
"ὠμός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"հում",
"հում#Armenian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "crude, raw",
"tr": "hʾm",
"ts": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "هامَگ",
"t": "crude, raw, unripe",
"tr": "hāmag"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"t": "raw, uncooked",
"tr": "um"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आ॒म",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आ॒म (āmá, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὠμός",
"t": "raw, crude"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "հում",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”), from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”), Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”), Sanskrit आ॒म (āmá, “raw, uncooked”), Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”), Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَر",
"links": [
[
"خامتَر",
"خامتر"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَرین",
"links": [
[
"خامتَرین",
"خامترین"
]
],
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "хом",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Tajik"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"cls": "خَام"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām / xâm) (comparative خامتَر, superlative خامتَرین, Tajik spelling хом)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 40 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw meat",
"roman": "gušt-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "گوشت خام",
"translation": "raw meat",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw rubber",
"roman": "lâstik-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "لاستیک خام",
"translation": "raw rubber",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw ore",
"roman": "sang-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "سنگ خام",
"translation": "raw ore",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"english": "unrefined sugar",
"roman": "šekar-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "شکر خام",
"translation": "unrefined sugar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
81
]
],
"english": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 129:",
"roman": "'âqebat to raft xâhi nâtamâm\nkâr-hâ-yat abtar o nân-e to xâm",
"text": "عاقبت تو رفت خواهی ناتمام\nکارهاات ابتر و نان تو خام",
"translation": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw; crude; uncooked; unrefined"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-hDwhfTWg",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 40 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"english": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"roman": "javân-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "جوان خام",
"translation": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
57,
66
]
],
"english": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 4457:",
"roman": "z-ân be-gardânad be har su ân legâm\ntâ xabar yâbad ze fâres asp-e xâm",
"text": "زان بگرداند به هر سو آن لگام\nتا خبر یابد ز فارس اسپ خام",
"translation": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-qDSOMhz0",
"links": [
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 40 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "idle wish",
"roman": "ârezu-ye xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "آرزوی خام",
"translation": "idle wish",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
78
],
[
79,
83
]
],
"english": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1057:",
"roman": "goft man goftam ke 'ahd-e ân xasân\nxâm bâšad, xâm o sost o nâresân",
"text": "گفت من گفتم که عهد آن خسان\nخام باشد خام و سست و نارسان",
"translation": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-9vM4mk0~",
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 40 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "bungled work",
"roman": "kâr-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "کار خام",
"translation": "bungled work",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
81,
88
]
],
"english": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"ref": "c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Reign of Pōrān Dukht”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:",
"roman": "yakē duxtarē būd pōrān ba nām\nčū zan šāh šud kār-hā gašt xām\nbar ān taxt-i šāhī-š binišāndand\nbuzurgān bar ō gawhar afšāndand",
"text": "یکی دختری بود پوران بنام\nچو زن شاه شد کارها گشت خام\nبران تخت شاهیش بنشاندند\nبزرگان برو گوهر افشاندند",
"translation": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"id": "en-خام-fa-adj-ce0ocV1O",
"links": [
[
"bungled",
"bungled"
],
[
"unfinished",
"unfinished"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxaːm/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːm"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام (xām)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southeast Pashayi",
"lang_code": "psi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southeast Pashayi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 1 0 8 1 9 1 6 0 1 5 5 1 33 0 0 0 2 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 1 1 0 11 1 12 1 10 0 1 7 7 1 27 0 0 0 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boy"
],
"id": "en-خام-psi-noun-zGp3hATq",
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
],
[
"*HaHmáh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HaHmáh"
],
[
"*h₂eh₃mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₃mós"
],
[
"آم",
"آم#Urdu"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خام (xām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "آم",
"tr1": "ām"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of آم (ām)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian خام (xām) from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Doublet of آم (ām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ख़ाम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "خام",
"hi": "ख़ाम",
"ind": "1"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling ख़ाम)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "پختہ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, unripe, immature"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-5GeVbG1A",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "کچا"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 22 4 33 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vain, absurd, puerile"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-vOgFK1c8",
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"absurd",
"absurd"
],
[
"puerile",
"puerile"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-SBukAZyd",
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "کمزور"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 22 4 33 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfect, unsound, bad"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-dJTZCt2a",
"links": [
[
"imperfect",
"imperfect"
],
[
"unsound",
"unsound"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 22 4 33 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 6 28 38 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rough, approximate"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-FFdBbFKD",
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"approximate",
"approximate"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smaller, lower"
],
"id": "en-خام-ur-adj-660CGsCk",
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"qualifier": "weight; measurement; weight; measurement",
"raw_glosses": [
"(weight, measurement) smaller, lower"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑːm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "خَام",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḵām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"informal",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَام",
"links": [
[
"خَام",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَام",
"links": [
[
"الْخَام",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٌ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٌ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامُ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامُ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامًا",
"links": [
[
"خَامًا",
"خاما#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامَ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامَ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "خَامٍ",
"links": [
[
"خَامٍ",
"خام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "ḵāmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْخَامِ",
"links": [
[
"الْخَامِ",
"الخام#Arabic"
]
],
"roman": "al-ḵāmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام"
},
"expansion": "خَام • (ḵām)",
"name": "ar-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "خَام",
"d": "خَام:tri",
"f": "خَام",
"fd": "خَام:tri",
"fpl": "خَام",
"pl": "خَام"
},
"name": "ar-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic 1-syllable words",
"Arabic adjectives",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote broken plural",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote dual",
"Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular",
"Arabic adjectives with broken plural",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic terms borrowed from Persian",
"Arabic terms derived from Persian",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unprocessed"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unprocessed",
"unprocessed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xaːm/"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish adjectives",
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rawness; unripeness",
"roman": "hamlık",
"translation": "rawness; unripeness",
"word": "خاملق"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "ham"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خام",
"t": "raw",
"tr": "xâm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Persian خام (xâm, “raw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ham",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"10": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"f4tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "ham"
},
"expansion": "خام • (ham)",
"name": "ota-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked, not cooked"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "چیك"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"raw, crude, unrefined"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe, immature, green"
],
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
],
[
"green",
"green"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"untrained, unaccustomed to work"
],
"links": [
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
"unaccustomed"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inexperienced, raw, unseasoned"
],
"links": [
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unseasoned",
"unseasoned"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ill-considered, unreasonable"
],
"links": [
[
"ill-considered",
"ill-considered"
],
[
"unreasonable",
"unreasonable"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pashto adjectives",
"Pashto doublets",
"Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
"Pashto lemmas",
"Pashto terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Pashto terms derived from Classical Persian"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
],
[
"اوم",
"اوم#Pashto"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خام (xām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"tr1": "um"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of اوم (um)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Persian خام (xām). Doublet of اوم (um), which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām)",
"name": "ps-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw, uncooked (of food)"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unpaved (of a road)"
],
"links": [
[
"unpaved",
"unpaved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unripe (of fruit)"
],
"links": [
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "اوم"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːm",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːm/1 syllable"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ḵām",
"word": "خَام"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xam"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xami",
"word": "ხამი"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "ham"
},
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xam",
"word": "խամ"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ham",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xâm",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ham"
},
{
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "xām",
"word": "خام"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xom"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*HaHmáh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HaHmáh"
],
[
"*h₂eh₃mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₃mós"
],
[
"هامَگ",
"هامَگ#Baluchi"
],
[
"اوم",
"اوم#Pashto"
],
[
"आ॒म",
"आम#Sanskrit"
],
[
"ὠμός",
"ὠμός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"հում",
"հում#Armenian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "crude, raw",
"tr": "hʾm",
"ts": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "هامَگ",
"t": "crude, raw, unripe",
"tr": "hāmag"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اوم",
"t": "raw, uncooked",
"tr": "um"
},
"expansion": "Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आ॒म",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit आ॒म (āmá, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὠμός",
"t": "raw, crude"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "հում",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾm /xām/, “crude, raw”), from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Baluchi هامَگ (hāmag, “crude, raw, unripe”), Pashto اوم (um, “raw, uncooked”), Sanskrit आ॒म (āmá, “raw, uncooked”), Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”), Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "xâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَر",
"links": [
[
"خامتَر",
"خامتر"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "خامتَرین",
"links": [
[
"خامتَرین",
"خامترین"
]
],
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "хом",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Tajik"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"cls": "خَام"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām / xâm) (comparative خامتَر, superlative خامتَرین, Tajik spelling хом)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw meat",
"roman": "gušt-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "گوشت خام",
"translation": "raw meat",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw rubber",
"roman": "lâstik-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "لاستیک خام",
"translation": "raw rubber",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "raw ore",
"roman": "sang-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "سنگ خام",
"translation": "raw ore",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"english": "unrefined sugar",
"roman": "šekar-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "شکر خام",
"translation": "unrefined sugar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
81
]
],
"english": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 129:",
"roman": "'âqebat to raft xâhi nâtamâm\nkâr-hâ-yat abtar o nân-e to xâm",
"text": "عاقبت تو رفت خواهی ناتمام\nکارهاات ابتر و نان تو خام",
"translation": "At the end you will depart incomplete, your affairs marred and your bread unbaked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw; crude; uncooked; unrefined"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"uncooked",
"uncooked"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"english": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"roman": "javân-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "جوان خام",
"translation": "inexperienced young man/woman",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
57,
66
]
],
"english": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 4457:",
"roman": "z-ân be-gardânad be har su ân legâm\ntâ xabar yâbad ze fâres asp-e xâm",
"text": "زان بگرداند به هر سو آن لگام\nتا خبر یابد ز فارس اسپ خام",
"translation": "He turns the bridle in every direction in order that the untrained horse may gain knowledge of the rider.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"links": [
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"inexperienced",
"inexperienced"
],
[
"untrained",
"untrained"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"fresh; green; inexperienced, untrained"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "idle wish",
"roman": "ârezu-ye xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "آرزوی خام",
"translation": "idle wish",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
78
],
[
79,
83
]
],
"english": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1057:",
"roman": "goft man goftam ke 'ahd-e ân xasân\nxâm bâšad, xâm o sost o nâresân",
"text": "گفت من گفتم که عهد آن خسان\nخام باشد خام و سست و نارسان",
"translation": "\"I said,\" cried [the lion], \"that the promise of those vile ones would be vain—vain and frail and unfulfilled.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"idle",
"idle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"vain; idle (of thoughts, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "bungled work",
"roman": "kâr-e xâm",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "کار خام",
"translation": "bungled work",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
48,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
81,
88
]
],
"english": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"ref": "c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Reign of Pōrān Dukht”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:",
"roman": "yakē duxtarē būd pōrān ba nām\nčū zan šāh šud kār-hā gašt xām\nbar ān taxt-i šāhī-š binišāndand\nbuzurgān bar ō gawhar afšāndand",
"text": "یکی دختری بود پوران بنام\nچو زن شاه شد کارها گشت خام\nبران تخت شاهیش بنشاندند\nبزرگان برو گوهر افشاندند",
"translation": "There was a girl, Pōrān by name;\nWhen a woman has become king, affairs have gone bungled.\n[But] she was placed on the royal throne,\nAnd the great ones scattered jewels upon her.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"links": [
[
"bungled",
"bungled"
],
[
"unfinished",
"unfinished"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative)",
"bungled, unfinished, poor in quality"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxaːm/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːm"
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "psi",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "خام (xām)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southeast Pashayi",
"lang_code": "psi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southeast Pashayi entries with incorrect language header",
"Southeast Pashayi lemmas",
"Southeast Pashayi nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"boy"
],
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
]
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu doublets",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu indeclinable adjectives",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"خام",
"خام#Persian"
],
[
"*HaHmáh",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HaHmáh"
],
[
"*h₂eh₃mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₃mós"
],
[
"آم",
"آم#Urdu"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "خام",
"tr": "xām"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خام (xām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*HaHmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₃mós",
"t": "raw, uncooked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "آم",
"tr1": "ām"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of آم (ām)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian خام (xām) from Proto-Iranian *HaHmáh, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Doublet of آم (ām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xām",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ख़ाम",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "خام",
"hi": "ख़ाम",
"ind": "1"
},
"expansion": "خام • (xām) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling ख़ाम)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "پختہ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw, unripe, immature"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unripe",
"unripe"
],
[
"immature",
"immature"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "کچا"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"vain, absurd, puerile"
],
"links": [
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"absurd",
"absurd"
],
[
"puerile",
"puerile"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak"
],
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "کمزور"
}
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"imperfect, unsound, bad"
],
"links": [
[
"imperfect",
"imperfect"
],
[
"unsound",
"unsound"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rough, approximate"
],
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"approximate",
"approximate"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smaller, lower"
],
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"qualifier": "weight; measurement; weight; measurement",
"raw_glosses": [
"(weight, measurement) smaller, lower"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xɑːm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "خام"
}
Download raw JSONL data for خام meaning in All languages combined (27.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.